waxqabadka anteenada GPS

waxqabadka anteenada GPS

Waxaan ognahay in goob-joogaha GPS-ku uu yahay marin-ku-dhigid ama hagidda iyadoo la helayo calaamadaha dayax-gacmeedka.Inta lagu guda jiro habka loo helo calaamadaha, anteenada waa in la isticmaalo, markaa anteenada hesha signalka waxaan ugu yeernaa anteenaha GPS.Calaamadaha dayax-gacmeedka GPS-ka waxaa loo qaybiyaa L1 iyo L2, oo leh soo noqnoqoshada 1575.42MHZ iyo 1228MHZ siday u kala horreeyaan, kuwaas oo L1 ay tahay calaamad madani ah oo furan oo leh wareegyo wareeg ah.Awoodda calaamaduhu waxay ku saabsan tahay 166-DBM, taas oo ah calaamad daciif ah.Tilmaamahan ayaa go'aaminaya in anteenooyin gaar ah loo diyaariyo soo dhaweynta calaamadaha GPS.

1. xaashida dhoobada: Tayada budada dhoobada iyo habka sinta ayaa si toos ah u saameeya waxqabadkeeda.Waraaqaha dhoobada ah ee hadda laga isticmaalo suuqa waxay u badan yihiin 25×25, 18×18, 15×15 iyo 12×12.Baaxadda weyn ee xaashida dhoobada, ayaa weynaanta joogtada ah ee dielectric, inta jeer ee soo noqnoqda ee sare u kaca, iyo saameynta aqbalaadda ayaa ka sii wanaagsan.Inta badan qaybaha dhoobada ah ayaa ah naqshad labajibbaaran, si loo hubiyo in resonance ee jihada XY ay asal ahaan isku mid yihiin, si loo gaaro saameynta ururinta xiddigaha isku midka ah.

2. Lakabka qalinka: Lakabka qalinka ah ee korka anteenada dhoobada ah wuxuu saameyn karaa inta jeer ee resonant anteenada.Barta soo noqnoqda ee ugu habboon ee chip dhoobada GPS waxay si sax ah ugu dhacdaa 1575.42MHz, laakiin barta inta jeer ee anteenada ayaa si fudud u saameeya deegaanka ku xeeran, gaar ahaan marka lagu daro mashiinka oo dhan, barta inta jeer waa in la hagaajiyaa si loo ilaaliyo 1575.42MHz iyadoo la hagaajinayo qaabka daahanka lacagta ah..Sidaa darteed, soosaarayaasha mashiinada GPS-ka oo dhameystiran waa inay la shaqeeyaan anteenooyinkooda marka ay iibsanayaan anteenooyinka oo ay bixiyaan muunado dhameystiran oo mashiinka lagu baaro.

3. Dhibicda quudinta: Anteenada dhoobada waxay soo ururisaa calaamada dhawaaqa iyada oo loo marayo barta quudinta waxayna u dirtaa dhamaadka dambe.Sababtoo ah isbarbardhigga anteenada, barta quudinta guud ahaan kuma taal bartamaha anteenada, laakiin wax yar ayaa lagu hagaajiyay jihada XY.Habka isku midka ah ee impedance waa mid fudud oo aan ku darin kharash.Ku dhaqaaqida hal dhidib kaliya waxaa loo yaqaan anteeno hal-eex ah, ku dhaqaaqida labada faasna waxaa loo yaqaan laba-eex.

4. Kordhinta wareegga: qaabka iyo bedka PCB ee sidata anteenada dhoobada.Sababo la xiriira sifooyinka dib-u-soo-celinta GPS-ka, marka asalka uu yahay 7cm × 7cm

Anteenada GPS-ku waxay leedahay afar qaybood oo muhiim ah: faa'iido (Gain), mawjada taagan (VSWR), sawirka qaylada (sawirka qaylada), saamiga axial (Axial ratio).Waxaa ka mid ah, saamiga axial si gaar ah ayaa loo xoojiyay, taas oo ah tilmaame muhiim ah oo lagu cabbirayo farqiga faa'iidada calaamadda mashiinka oo dhan ee jihooyin kala duwan.Maaddaama dayax-gacmeedyadu si aan kala sooc lahayn loogu qaybiyey cirka hemispherical, aad bay muhiim u tahay in la hubiyo in anteenooyinku leeyihiin dareen isku mid ah oo dhan walba ah.Saamiga axial waxaa saameeya waxqabadka anteenada, qaabka muuqaalka, wareegga gudaha iyo EMI ee mashiinka oo dhan.